Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) a self-report scale designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. The scale is suitable for diagnosis and outcome monitoring in clinical settings, as well as for mental health screening in non-clinical settings.
Test
1. I found it hard to wind down.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
2. I was aware of dryness of my mouth.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
3. I couldn’t seem to experience any positive feeling at all.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
4. I experienced breathing difficulty (eg, excessively rapid breathing, breathlessness in the absence of physical exertion).
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
5. I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
6. I tended to over-react to situations.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
7. I experienced trembling (eg, in the hands).
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
8. I felt that I was using a lot of nervous energy.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
9. I was worried about situations in which I might panic and make a fool of myself.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
10. I felt that I had nothing to look forward to.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
11. I found myself getting agitated.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
12. I found it difficult to relax.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
13. I felt down-hearted and blue
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
14. I was intolerant of anything that kept me from getting on with what I was doing.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
15. I felt I was close to panic.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
16. I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
17. I felt I wasn’t worth much as a person.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
18. I felt that I was rather touchy.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
19. I was aware of the action of my heart in the absence of physical exertion (eg,sense of heart rate increase, heart missing a beat).
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
20. I felt scared without any good reason.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
21. I felt that life was meaningless.
Never
Sometimes
Often
Almost Always
Result:
Total score: points
Depression: points
Anxiety: points
Stress: points
Interpretation
Total score (range: 0-63 points).
Depression (range: 0-21 points): dysphoria, hopelessness, devaluation of life, self-deprecation, lack of interest / involvement, anhedonia and inertia.
Anxiety (range: 0-21 points): autonomic arousal, skeletal muscle effects, situational anxiety, and subjective experience of anxious affect.
Stress (range: 0-21 points): levels of chronic nonspecific arousal, difficulty relaxing, nervous arousal, and being easily upset / agitated, irritable / over-reactive and impatient.
